| The ministry is probably the only service profession in the world that
requires fluency in dead languages in order to be contemporaneously
effective. Right up there on the seminary curriculum, along with counseling
the bereaved and homiletics, are Greek and Hebrew, the ancient tongues in
which the New and Old Testaments respectively were written. Mastery of both
greatly enhances a pastor's ability to exegete the Scriptures for his
people; something is always lost in the English translation, even in the
glorious King James Version and especially in the simplified Good News
Bible. The problem is that, for whatever reasons in God's mysterious
providence, seminary wisdom claims that it is well-nigh impossible for any
given seminarian to like both languages.
Now at some previous point in my life it may have mattered that my zodiac
sign is Gemini, that I'm more of a Type A than Type B personality, that I
was born in the year of the dragon, or that my Meyers-Briggs profile is
ENTP. But these have given way and faded into insignificance since the onset
of my career in biblical linguistics. Not, mind you, because we dismiss out
of hand foolish superstition or reductionistic psychologism. (If only!) It's
because at seminary, personality typing is based on language preference. One
is either a Greek personality or a Hebrew personality.
Let it be said that these motifs have almost nothing to do with the
respective thought-worlds they represent: it's not a philosophical dispute
between the ethical monotheism of struggling-with-God prophets on the one
hand and the ethereal flights of ontological fancy on the other. Nor is it a
matter of preference for one testament over the other. (We're studying to be
pastors and preachers of the Bible, after all; you just don't say that you
think Zephaniah is dull or the Second Epistle of John incomprehensible.)
These types are based solely on the grammar of the languages.
I didn't believe it at first. I came to sem with a year of college-level
koine Greek under my belt, whizzed through the qualifying exam, and
gleefully signed up for Hebrew. I'd always been good at languages and loved
the exotic look of the new alphabet I was undertaking.
Then a middler (that's the second-of-three-years student at seminary)
stopped me at the door to the registrar's office with a look of pastoral
compassion in his eyes. "Have you already taken Greek?" he asked worriedly.
"Of course," I said, baffled by his concern. Who takes Hebrew without having
taken Greek first anyway? It just isn't protocol.
"Did you like Greek?" he said.
"Yeah, I guess," I replied. "I never really thought about it, but sure, I
liked Greek."
"Well then," he breathed onimously, "you can expect to hate Hebrew."
Naive junior that I was, I wrote off his warning, but it took little more
than a week to figure out that he was on to something. Upon careful
inspection, I realized that the language I thought so exotically pleasing to
the eye really resembled chicken scratch, a pile of twigs, or heaps of
broken pretzels. A completely unfamiliar sensation of doom descended upon me
as I floundered my way through the alphabet. Why must he, het, and taw all
look so much alike? What's the difference between final kaph, nun, and pe?
Yet that was nothing compared to the grammar, complex enough, I thought, to
adequately reflect the thoughts of God. For starters, there are no absolute
times in the tenses, just these cloudy and mysterious "aspects"... well, all
times are but a moment to God, right? The letter nun can be ruthlessly
sucked into the next letter, like the Borg assimilation on Star Trek, as my
prof explained. Final he's can turn into yod's and first yod's used to be
waw's. The oddly named conjugations are so random that the same exact word
can mean "to begin" in Piel and "to profane" in Hiphil. Hebrew has all the
consistency of the people Israel in the time of the prophets. I felt about
as patient as Jeremiah.
My academic situation was not much improved by the exuberance of my
preceptor (what they call teaching assistants here), who clearly had a
textbook Hebrew personality. "Greek is dry, lifeless, and mechanical," he
would gloat. "But Hebrew lives. It breathes. It gets deep into the recesses
of your psyche [a Greek word, I noted with irritation] and blossoms like Mt.
Gilead in the springtime. It is the language of languages. You don't need
formulas and paradigm charts for Hebrew. You just intuit it." In other
words, Hebrew is a touchy-feely language when it comes to grammar. It was
about then that I saw the handwriting on the wall - and it wasn't spelling
out "easy A" for me. The rest of the semester was an exercise in humility,
no doubt an important exercise in ministerial training, if not actually
conducive to reading the Old Testament in its native tongue.
For awhile I alleviated the stress of being a non-Hebrew personality in a
Hebrew class by getting in touch with my inner Greek nature. I began to feel
new appreciation for the arete (ha! so there!) of my patron language. None
of this highly subjective "intuiting" for me. Greek is as straightforward as
math. Its rhythm and simplicity, I saw, are what makes it beautiful. The
conjugations are blessedly predictable. Neatly divide the root from the
present indicative ending, insert a little sigma between them, and eureka!
The future tense. Need to express something a little more complex? The
future passive, a grammatical somersault if ever I saw one, employs the
highly predictable QH plus standard aorist ending. Nouns are
lovely too: the genitive plural always announces its presence with
- TWN. Even the irregular third declension makes sense
once you get the hang of it. It takes no time to sight-read Greek, whose
alphabet is quite similar to our own; a year later, I'm still sounding my
way through Hebrew. Greek is sensible; rational; methodical. You can see how
stately Grecian architecture, pediments and Corinthian columns and all,
sprung out of such a solid grammatical foundation. This is the language that
would spontaneously generate philosophy, that would posit perfection in
forms far removed from earthly fallibility, that would create plane
geometry.
Sure enough, real life soon invaded on my idyllic projections about the
linguistic perfection of Greek. Unwittingly counteracting my self-perception
as having a basically Greek orientation, I also took a class on the exegesis
of the Gospel of St. Mark. It was deeply distressing. I began to think that
however great his theological virtuosity (of which I was soon convinced), I
probably could have written syntactically better Greek than Mark did. You
see, the Bibles we read in English are more or less cleaned up to make the
contents more accessible. But the actual language is often pretty strange
and even obscure; occasionally so strange that I wonder how honest it is to
make it clearer in English. "Clunky" is about the best word to describe
Mark's style. Imagine how I must have felt reading 5:25-27, in the story of
the woman with the issue of blood, when I discovered this veritable wedding
feast of participles:
And having existed in a flow of blood for 12 years and having suffered much
by many doctors and having spent all of hers and in no way having benefited
but having gotten all the worse, having heard about Jesus, having come into
the crowd from behind, she touched his garments.
I assure you that whatever version you use, it doesn't sound like that. (Go
ahead, look it up.) In part this is because nowadays the Bible is translated
by committees, not inspired individuals like Luther or Tyndale. The idea is
to render biblical language into something readable in the vernacular. It
won't do to have Holy Writ in translationese. But the dispute comes whenever
interpreters have to choose between literal faithfulness to the original and
comprehensibility in the translation. At any rate, this indicates an
occupational hazard of seminarians — we all want to do our own translation
of the Bible, because none of the ones available are to our liking! All the
more so once we discover what real Greek and not just elementary textbook
Greek sounds like.
Anyway, by the time the class was over, my loyalty to Greek was wavering,
and I still had another semester of Hebrew to go. And then the unthinkable
happened. I'd been told at the beginning that another fundamental difference
between Hebrew and Greek is that the former starts out hard and gets easier,
while the latter starts out easy and gets hard. They were right. After about
six months, I had a breakthrough in Hebrew. It began to make sense! And
what's more, it was exciting. A certain level of primitiveness befits Hebrew
much better than Greek, not least of all because of the kind of stories you
find in the Old Testament. Hebrew is hard, fierce, forthright and bold. The
intuition required to understand it serves to balance its essentially warrior
spirit, the language of the Lord of Hosts. The OT lessons you've heard a
hundred times spring amazingly to life, like Ezekiel's dry bones, when
you're getting them out of the original. Nathan's "You are the man!" to
David's betrayal of Uriah is ten times as forceful. The "hallelujahs" of
Psalm 148 grow in meaning and power when you realize that the word really
means "praise the LORD" - the "jah" on the end there is the closest Hebrew
will ever get to saying the LORD's name outright. And let me tell you, I
wonder how we can have the courage to disobey the commandments now that I
know what they sound like in Hebrew.
The upshot of it all is that I'm in a dreadful pickle. Am I a Greek
personality, or am I really a Hebrew personality after all? God only knows.
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