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In the early-to-mid 1990s, a feud between East and
West Coast rappers escalated into violence and
claimed the lives of, among others, Tupac Shakur and
The Notorious B.I.G. The conflict, in keeping with its
surreal quality, only came to an end after the mediation
of Nation of Islam leader, Louis Farrakhan.
A decade later, another East Coast-West Coast
feud is brewing and although the only likely casualties
this time around are feelings, it's every bit as ludicrous
as the last one.
A recent issue of LA Weekly informed
readers that we're in the midst of a "battle over who has
earned the right to call themselves a dandy." "Dandy,"
as in "a man who places particular importance upon
physical appearance, refined language, and the
cultivation of leisurely hobbies." As in the Scarlet
Pimpernel.
Who knew that there were still honest-to-goodness
dandies around, much less a war between the various
factions? But, yes, soi-disant (French
is de rigueur among some dandies)
"orthodox dandies" based on the West Coast are
waging rhetorical battle against East Coast "Oscar
Wilde introverted, willowy, pale art types" whom they
see as little more than poseurs.
West Coast dandies like Christian Chensvold want
to "give dandy back its shot of testosterone" and rescue
it from the likes of writer Tom Wolfe, the exemplary East
Coast dandy, with his "white suit, walking stick and
affected airs." For Chensvold and company, "dandies
should also be sportsmen and social types" and
"engaged in the real world" instead of dressing
anachronistically.
Writer Michael Brendan Dougherty (The
American Conservative), whose blog, "Surfeited
With Dainties," has a recurring featured entitled "Be The
Man," sides with the West Coasters in this tong war:
"Dandyism has been hijacked by crude anti-bourgeois
poseurs, fake romantics and deeply confused men of
an effeminate type."
While Dougherty applauds the East Coasters'
rebellion "against sartorial shabbiness," he adds that
"they also step over the line from well dressed to
costumed." His "litmus test" for distinguishing a true
dandy from a "heretical one" is (no pun intended)
straightforward: "If you can describe someone as
'prancing,' you are talking about a heretical dandy. If he
is 'dashing,' you may have the real thing."
From my vantage point, they all look "costumed." It's
true that the leader of the East Coast faction looks like a
cross between a chubby elf and the "Yodeling
Veterinarian of the Alps" from Veggie Tales.
Then again, the picture of Chensvold makes him look
like a clone of the assassin, played by Edward Fox, in
the original "Day of the Jackal," down to the clothes and
the car.
Then there's the idea of a "male archetype," to use
Chensvold's phrase, drawing its inspiration from Beau
Brummel. While Brummel may have been the "arbiter of
fashion" in early nineteenth century England and is
"credited with introducing and bringing to fashion the
modern man's suit worn with necktie," he also may
have been the most useless man in all of Christendom,
a real-life Harold Skimpole (from Dickens' Bleak
House): he quit the military rather than accept a
posting to unfashionable Manchester and fled England
to avoid paying his debts to tradesmen, i.e., men who
worked for a living, before eventually dying from
syphilis.
Hardly the stuff of a suitable — or, at least,
honorable — male archetype. Then again,
modern dandyism is only one of many behaviors and
fads that attempt to answer, or at least provide
an answer, to the question "what does it mean to
be a man?"
The obvious answer, biology, with its binary male
and female, XY and XX, no longer suffices. Partly
because being a man was always about more (but not
less) than biology but also because a
significant part of our cultural moods involve a denial of
— or at least a rebellion against — the
restraints and limitations imposed by nature.
(Case in point: a recent decision by the New York
City Board of Health allowing "people born in the city ...
to change the documented sex on their birth
certificates." People who have undergone "sexual
re-assignment surgery" can already do this. The new
rule is directed at those who haven't undergone the
surgery but who have "lived in their adopted gender for
at least two years ..." and can provide "affidavits from a
doctor and a mental health professional laying out why
their patients should be considered members of the
opposite sex."
This is, to borrow a phrase from justice Clarence
Thomas, "uncommonly silly." "Living as a woman" can
no more make me — or anyone else — a
woman than dressing in green tights and wearing a
pointed hat would make me one of Santa's elves.)
Denying or downplaying the essential differences
between men and women doesn't eliminate our
awareness that there are differences and our need to
understand them — it simply makes it more likely
that we will look for the answers in the wrong places.
These "wrong places" include defining manhood in
terms of certain behaviors that conform to either
particular male characteristics or, in the case here, a
specific "male archetype."
I wrote about some of these behaviors in my
Boundless piece entitled "Fumbling Virtue," which discussed
how the sexual irresponsibility and
hyper-aggressiveness of some athletes was wrongly
depicted as representing a kind of elemental
masculinity — a textbook example of the "soft
bigotry of low expectations."
There's no shortage of other examples: limiting
ourselves to the past 10-15 years we have the cigar
fad, the poker craze, the popularity and acceptance of
strip clubs, and the replacement of boxing by "Ultimate
Fighting." What these disparate things have in common
is that the core behaviors are traditionally associated
with males. A large part of what drives these fads and
crazes is the desire of men to differentiate themselves
from the women in their lives in more-or-less
socially-acceptable ways.
By "socially-acceptable" I mean ways that don't
threaten the cultural dogma that sees men and women
as essentially (in the Aristotelian sense)
interchangeable. Smoking a Monte Cristo, sweating an
inside straight and even stuffing dollar bills inside a
stripper's G-string don't challenge that dogma —
they reinforce it. They substitute letting
"boys be boys" for an honest exploration of what it
means to be a man. These behaviors are literally
superficial and every bit as much a costume as
anything worn by the combatants in the dandy
wars.
If these are the wrong places to look for answers,
then where is the right place? In a word, home.
Discussions about what it means to be man (at least in
Christian and social-conservative circles) usually wind
up blaming "feminists" for the problem, which confuses
an effect for the cause or at least a
cause.
Historian Allan Carlson has written about how the
Industrial Revolution replaced a "function-rich family"
with a "nearly-functionless" one. Whereas, previously,
family members depended on one another for nearly
everything, they now "needed each other much less
than before."
The first to experience the sense of being "an
individual, standing alone" were men who were the first
to work outside the home. In effect, they traded being a
man for being a worker and consumer. (If this all
sounds a bit, well, Marxist, you know what
they say about stopped clocks. Seriously, this critique is
by no means uniquely Marxist.)
Not only were men the first to experience this
alienation, their experience was the most complete and
the most debilitating. Their wives (even those who
eventually worked outside the home) and children
retained a greater connection to their homes than men
did — think of the familiar complaint that "dad is
never at home." This alienation cut men off from their
primary source of understanding into what it means to
be a man.
Stated differently, it's primarily within the context of
our families that men learn what it means to be a man.
The popular archetypes the are invoked today —
warrior, mammoth hunter, man of leisure, etc. —
have, throughout recorded history, only represented a
small fraction of men, even before the rise of
Christianity. In some important respects, the story of
civilization is the story of how, to borrow a phrase you
may be familiar with, men's hearts were turned towards
home and how character traits such as courage,
strength, and bearing up under adversity were put to
the service of their families and neighbors.
When I speak of "alienation," I don't mean that the
traditional way of understanding what it means to be a
man is no longer available to males — it is
— but, instead, that it is no longer the
default. If anything, home life is seen an
impediment to that understanding which leaves men
few option besides embracing alternatives which are
often little more than caricatures or quoting Sun Tzu's
"The Art of War" at work.
Since the relationship between manhood and
home is no longer the default, men have to be
intentional about, well, cultivating the link.
It's hard, especially because our materialistic
monoculture pulls us away from home, not
towards it, but it's one kind of cultivation that
won't leave you looking ludicrous.
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